摘要 :
Body weight measurement is fundamental in nutritional screening. Thus, weighing scales should be regularly calibrated. This procedure is so important that in 1990 the Council of Europe produced an ad hoc directive. Unfortunately, ...
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Body weight measurement is fundamental in nutritional screening. Thus, weighing scales should be regularly calibrated. This procedure is so important that in 1990 the Council of Europe produced an ad hoc directive. Unfortunately, little is known about scales management in hospitals. We performed an inventory in the City Hospital of Trento (∼900 beds), which is responsible for the healthcare of ∼250,000 inhabitants. The analysis included flat, chair and paediatric neonatal scales. We focused attention on the date of arrival and calibration management. In the hospital, there were 211 scales: 190 flat scales, 13 chair scales and 8 paediatric neonatal scales. The mean “age” was 10.3±7.3 years; 22.3% were 5–10 years old and 44.1% were aged >10 years. No scale was ever calibrated. They are managed by the “Internal Logistics Unit”, meaning that scales are regarded as pieces of furniture rather than as diagnostic tools. Accurate weight measurement is a key task in nutritional management. However, our results once highlight limitations in this process. It is not enough to design laws and accreditation standards for the European Community; enforcement should be also checked.
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摘要 :
There is growing interest in the impact of nutritional status on patient’s outcome and in how this could be potentially modified through tailored nutritional support. Substantial evidence has been gathered in the surgical setting...
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There is growing interest in the impact of nutritional status on patient’s outcome and in how this could be potentially modified through tailored nutritional support. Substantial evidence has been gathered in the surgical setting, where in association with a specific event and approach (elective surgical procedure)—the timing and the type of nutritional support are more likely to receive standardization than in other patient populations.
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摘要 :
Chronic activation of the inflammatory response, defined as inflammaging, is the key physio-pathological substrate for anabolic resistance, sarcopenia and frailty in older individuals. Nutrients can theoretically modulate this phe...
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Chronic activation of the inflammatory response, defined as inflammaging, is the key physio-pathological substrate for anabolic resistance, sarcopenia and frailty in older individuals. Nutrients can theoretically modulate this phenomenon. The underlying molecular mechanisms reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators have been elucidated, particularly for vitamin D, n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and whey proteins. In this paper, we review the current evidence emerging from observational and intervention studies, performed in older individuals, either community-dwelling or hospitalized with acute disease, and evaluating the effects of intake of vitamin D, n -3 PUFA and whey proteins on inflammatory markers, such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). After the analysis, we conclude that there is sufficient evidence for an anti-inflammatory effect in aging only for n -3 PUFA intake, while the few existing intervention studies do not support a similar activity for vitamin D and whey supplements. There is need in the future of large, high-quality studies testing the effects of combined dietary interventions including the above mentioned nutrients on inflammation and health-related outcomes.
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